Analysis of the dynamics of injuries to the musculoskeletal system of track-and-field athletes at the stage of sports specialisation in the annual cycle: a theoretical aspect
Keywords:
analysis, injuries, musculoskeletal system, track-and-field athletes, stage, sports specialisation, annual cycle, dynamics.Abstract
Objective of the study is to analyse the dynamics of injuries to the musculoskeletal system of track-and-field athletes at the stage of sports specialisation in the annual cycle and to develop scientific and methodological recommendations for their prevention.
Methods and structure of the study. The study was conducted in the period from 2024 to 2025 among athletes engaged in track and field in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The research methods were: analysis of the scientific and methodological literature on the topic of the work; surveys, discussions and questionnaires; analysis of the materials of the athletes’ medical examinations; pedagogical observation of the training process; and the systematisation, analysis and recording of the injuries sustained by the athletes at the various stages of sports preparation. The study involved track-and-field athletes of the third, second and first sports categories. The total sample exceeded 120 athletes.
Results and conclusions. In the course of the analytical study, the principal types of injury in athletes engaged in track and field were identified: contusions, dislocations, sprains, nerve entrapments, fractures and others.
The dynamics and the types of injury in the annual cycle of sports preparation were determined. The percentage distribution of the types of injury in athletes across the annual cycle of preparation is presented. On the basis of the quantitative indicators and types of injury identified, the regularities of their occurrence were established and, accordingly, scientific and methodological recommendations for coaches on the prevention of these negative factors in the sports preparation of track-and-field athletes were developed.
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