The dynamics of speed and strength indicators in runners for different distances, depending on the biorhythmics of their body
Keywords:
: female sprinters and middle-distance runners, OMC, speed-strength abilities, training process, individualisation.Abstract
Objective of the study is to identify the nature of the orientation of training effects depending on the biorhythmological features of the body of qualified female sprinters and middle-distance runners.
Methods and structure of the study. The study involved female track-and-field athletes (n=24) aged 16–18 years specialising in short-distance (n=12) and middle-distance (n=12) running and holding the qualifications of First Sports Category to Candidate for Master of Sport. An analysis was made of the individual duration of the biological cycle, together with a comparison of the data of testing speed and speed-strength abilities in the various phases of the ovarian-menstrual cycle (OMC) over the course of the annual macrocycle of preparation.
Results and conclusions. It was established that the dynamics of the speed-strength indicators of female runners vary substantially depending on the phase of the OMC and on the specialisation of the athletes. Individual differences in the duration of their biological cycle were determined, which conditions the number of days with high working capacity over the course of the annual cycle of preparation. Three types of reaction of the athletes to the phases of the OMC were identified, differing in the degree of decline of working capacity in the unfavourable phases. The need to individualise the training process with account taken of the phases of the OMC and of the specialisation of the runners is demonstrated.
References
Vrublevskiy E.P. Individualizatsiya trenirovochnogo protsessa sportsmenok v skorostno-silovykh vidakh legkoy atletiki. Moskva: Sovetskiy sport, 2009. 232 p.
Ivanov V.D., Rotor K.S. Zhenshchiny i sport: feminizatsiya sporta. Aktualnye problemy pedagogiki i psikhologii. 2021. V. 2. No. 1. Pp. 17-26.
Sevdalev S.V., Kozhedub M.S., Vrublevskiy E.P., Mitusova E.D. Individualizatsiya trenirovochnogo protsessa legkoatletok, spetsializiruyushchikhsya v bege na raznye distantsii, na osnove ucheta bioritmiki ikh organizma. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2020. No. 5. Pp. 83-85.
Kalinina N.A. Giperandrogennye narusheniya reproduktivnoy sistemy u sportsmenok: avtoref. dis. … d-ra med. nauk. Moskva, 2004. 46 p.
Kostyuchenko V.F., Vrublevskiy E.P., Kozhedub M.S. Vliyaniye bioritmiki organizma kvalifitsirovannykh sportsmenok na dinamiku ikh dvigatelnykh sposobnostey. Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2018. No. 4. Pp. 159-164.
Nikitushkin V.G. Zhenskiy sport: uchebnik dlya vuzov. Moskva: Izdatelstvo Yurayt, 2022. 277 p.
Platonov V.P. Sistema podgotovki sportsmenov v olimpiyskom sporte. Obshchaya teoriya i ee prakticheskiye prilozheniya. Kiev: Olimpiyskaya literatura, 2004. 808 p.
Pokholenchuk Yu.T., Svechnikova N.V. Sovremennyy zhenskiy sport. Kiev: Zdorovya, 1987. 191 p.
Shakhlina L.Ya.-G. Mediko-biologicheskiye osnovy sportivnoy trenirovki zhenshchin. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 2001. 326 p.
Wajewski A. Poznawcze i metodyczne problemy sportu kobiet. Warszawa: AWF, 2009. Pp. 80-87.
Women in the track and field. New Studies in Athletes. 2005. No. 7. Pp. 61-66.
