Management of speed-strength preparation in handball as a factor in the effective realisation of competitive activity

Аннотация

Objective of the study is to increase the effectiveness of the playing and competitive activity of an educational and training group of female handball players aged 13-14 years by developing an experimental programme for the use of speed-strength exercises, with account taken of the physiological mechanisms of adaptation.

Methods and structure of the study. The study was carried out at the Akhmet Baitursynov Kostanay Regional University; the practical part of the study was carried out at the Kadyrbek Ospanov Children’s and Youth Sports School No. 1 of the city of Kostanay, with the involvement of female handball players aged 13-14 years in the groups of the second year of the educational and training stage. By means of a battery of tests, the physical state of the athletes was monitored and analysed; the effectiveness of playing and competitive activity was analysed by means of pedagogical observation; and the results were processed using mathematical and statistical methods.

Results and conclusions. It was established that the inclusion in the training process of exercises aimed at developing the fast muscle fibres and the explosive strength of the limbs makes it possible to develop the speed-strength condition of the body purposefully and to activate the adaptive capacities of the central nervous system, which are key to the performance of playing actions in handball. The improvement of these qualities contributes to the more effective performance of technical elements: throws, feints, sharp starts and changes of direction. The experimental programme using strength exercises in the intensity zone of 70-90 % of maximum strength enhanced the effectiveness of playing and competitive activity. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant gain in the indicators of the standing long jump, the vertical jump and the shuttle run (p<0.05), while the effect size according to Cohen (Cohen’s d) showed medium and high practical significance.